A Comparative Review: Self Esteem, Self-Efficacy, Mental Health, And Marital Adjustment Among Working And Non-Working Females

Abstract

This review paper investigates the nuanced interplay between employment status and various dimensions of psychological well-being among females. Focusing on self-esteem, self-efficacy, mental health, and marital adjustment, the study delves into the comparative analysis between working and non-working women. Employing a systematic approach, existing literature is scrutinized to elucidate the differential impacts of employment on these key domains. The findings suggest that employment status significantly influences self-esteem, with working women generally exhibiting higher levels. Moreover, self-efficacy tends to be bolstered by workforce participation, contributing to a sense of agency and mastery in various life domains. Mental health outcomes reveal a complex relationship, with employment offering both protective and risk factors depending on individual circumstances and societal contexts. Furthermore, marital adjustment emerges as a critical dimension affected by employment status, with implications for relational dynamics and family functioning. By synthesizing empirical evidence, this review underscores the multifaceted implications of employment for the psychological well-being of women, providing insights for future research and interventions aimed at enhancing women's holistic empowerment and fulfilment.